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Generate Parentheses

Medium
leetcode· Java· 2026-08-08Problem link ↗
StringDynamic ProgrammingBacktrackingBracket Sequences

Runtime

0 ms

Beats 100%

Memory

44.4 MB

Beats 73.6%

Problem

Given n pairs of parentheses, write a function to generate all combinations of well-formed parentheses.

 

Example 1:

Input: n = 3
Output: ["((()))","(()())","(())()","()(())","()()()"]

Example 2:

Input: n = 1
Output: ["()"]

 

Constraints:

  • 1 <= n <= 8

Solution

Java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

class Solution {
    public List<String> generateParenthesis(int n) {
        List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
        backtrack(result, new char[2 * n], 0, 0, 0, n);
        return result;
    }

    private void backtrack(List<String> result, char[] current, int index, int open, int close, int n) {
        if (index == current.length) {
            result.add(new String(current));
            return;
        }

        if (open < n) {
            current[index] = '(';
            backtrack(result, current, index + 1, open + 1, close, n);
        }
        if (close < open) {
            current[index] = ')';
            backtrack(result, current, index + 1, open, close + 1, n);
        }
    }
}